Txhua tus neeg hauv lub neej niaj hnub feem ntau yog lub vijtsam LCD yooj yim, yog li koj puas paub tias lub vijtsam LCD ua haujlwm li cas? Niaj hnub no, Holino tau qhia txog lub ntsiab cai no los ntawm ob yam.
1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm monochrome LCD npo
LCD kua siv lead ua tshuab siv cov grooves zoo los sau cov kua siv lead ua kua ntawm ob lub dav hlau. Cov grooves nyob rau hauv ob lub dav hlau yog perpendicular rau ib leeg (sib tshuam ntawm 90 degrees). Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias cov molecules ntawm ib lub dav hlau tau teem rau sab qaum teb-sab qab teb thiab cov molecules ntawm lwm lub dav hlau tau teem rau sab hnub tuaj-sab hnub poob, cov molecules nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob lub dav hlau raug yuam kom nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev 90 °. - degree twist. Txij li thaum lub teeb mus rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub molecular kev npaj, thaum lub teeb hla lub kua siv lead ua kua, lub teeb kuj yuav twisted 90 degrees. Tab sis thaum muaj hluav taws xob siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, cov molecules sib dhos vertically kom lub teeb tuaj yeem coj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Lub vijtsam LCD nyob ntawm cov lim polarizing (slice) thiab lub teeb nws tus kheej. Lub teeb ntuj yog tawg nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia. Polarizing cov ntxaij lim dej yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab nyias nyias thiab nyias nyias. Cov kab no tsim ib lub vas uas thaiv txhua lub teeb uas tsis sib xws rau cov kab no. Cov kab ntawm cov lim polarization yog tag nrho perpendicular rau thawj kab, yog li nws tuaj yeem thaiv tag nrho cov teeb pom kev uas twb muaj lawm. Tsuas yog thaum cov kab ntawm ob lub lim dej yog tib yam nkaus, lossis lub teeb nws tus kheej yog ntswj kom phim lub lim dej thib ob, lub teeb nkag mus.
Lub vijtsam LCD muaj ob lub lim dej polarizing perpendicular rau ib leeg, yog li txhua qhov kev sim nkag mus rau lub teeb yuav tsum raug thaiv nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li ob lub lim dej tau ntim nrog cov kua siv lead ua kua, tom qab lub teeb dhau los ntawm thawj lim, nws yog 90 degrees los ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules, thiab thaum kawg dhau los ntawm lub lim thib ob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias qhov hluav taws xob tau siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, cov molecules tau rov kho dua thiab ua tib zoo sib luag, kom lub teeb tsis cuam tshuam, yog li nws tsuas yog thaiv los ntawm lim thib ob. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub hwj chim yog siv los thaiv lub teeb thiab emit lub teeb tsis muaj hwj chim.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev npaj ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua hauv LCD tuaj yeem hloov pauv kom nws tawm lub teeb thaum nws muaj zog thiab raug thaiv thaum nws tsis muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias lub khoos phis tawj lub vijtsam yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, tsuas yog "lub zog ntawm lub zog thiab tiv thaiv lub teeb" kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem ua tiav lub hom phiaj txuag hluav taws xob tshaj plaws.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua, txawm tias nws yog lub khoos phis tawj lossis lub desktop, lub vijtsam LCD yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Lub LCD muaj ob daim iav nrog lub thickness ntawm kwv yees li 1 hli, sib cais los ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua (LC) cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug spaced 5 microns. Vim tias cov khoom siv lead ua kua nws tus kheej tsis tawm lub teeb, muaj cov kav dej ntawm ob sab ntawm lub vijtsam zaub raws li lub teeb ci, lub teeb ci ntsa iab (los yog lub teeb homogenization phaj) thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog sab nraum qab ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua yog nyob ntawm zaub screen, thiab lub phaj backlight yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv fluorescent. Nws muaj peev xwm emit lub teeb, thiab nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab lub teeb pom kev zoo tom qab. Lub teeb tawm ntawm lub teeb rov qab nkag mus rau hauv cov kua siv lead ua kua txheej uas muaj ntau txhiab tus tee dej tom qab dhau los ntawm thawj txheej txheej lim dej polarizing. Cov kua siv lead ua kua hauv cov kua siv lead ua kua yog tag nrho muaj nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev me me, thiab ib lossis ntau chav ua ib pixel ntawm qhov screen. Muaj cov pob tshab electrodes ntawm cov iav phaj thiab cov khoom siv ua kua siv lead ua kua. Cov electrodes tau muab faib ua kab thiab kab. Ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm kab thiab kab, qhov kho qhov muag lub xeev ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua yog hloov los ntawm kev hloov qhov voltage. Cov khoom siv lead ua kua zoo li lub teeb me me. Cov khoom siv ua kua siv lead ua yog ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tswj xyuas Circuit Court thiab qhov tsav Circuit Court. Thaum cov electrodes hauv LCD tsim ib qho hluav taws xob, cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules yog distorted, thiab lub teeb dhau los ntawm lawv yog ncua sij hawm refracted, thiab ces lim los ntawm ob txheej ntawm lim txheej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov screen.
Qhov thib ob, xim LCD npo ua haujlwm
Rau ntau cov xim xim uas xav tau lub laptop lossis desktop LCD cov ntxaij vab tshaus, nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua tshwj xeeb ua cov xim lim txheej ntawm cov xim xim. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv cov xim LCD vaj huam sib luag, txhua pixel yog tsim los ntawm peb cov kua siv lead ua kua, thiab txhua cov kua siv lead ua kua cell muaj xim liab, ntsuab lossis xiav lim rau pem hauv ntej ntawm txhua lub xov tooj. Ua li no, cov xim sib txawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov screen los ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov chav sib txawv.
LCD LCD npo kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm CRT ntim, kev siv hluav taws xob thiab flicker, tab sis kuj coj teeb meem xws li tus nqi siab, lub kaum sab xis pom dav thiab cov xim tsis zoo. CRT cov saib tuaj yeem xaiv ntau yam kev daws teeb meem thiab tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub vijtsam, tab sis cov ntxaij vab tshaus LCD tsuas muaj cov lej tas li ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua, thiab tsuas tuaj yeem tso saib ntawm ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm tag nrho lub vijtsam (ib pixel ib lub xov tooj).
CRT feem ntau muaj peb rab phom hluav taws xob, thiab cov hluav taws xob ntws yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov duab pom tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, LCD tsis muaj teeb meem ua kom pom tseeb vim tias txhua lub kua siv lead ua kua cell hloov ib tus zuj zus. Qhov no yog vim li cas tib daim duab ntawm lub vijtsam LCD thiaj li pom tseeb. LCD tsis tas yuav saib xyuas tus nqi refresh thiab flicker. Cov kua siv lead ua kua cell yog qhib lossis kaw, yog li cov duab pom ntawm qhov qis qis ntawm 40 txog 60 Hz tsis flicker ntau dua li cov duab pom ntawm 75 Hz. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kua siv lead ua kua ntawm lub LCD vaj huam sib luag yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Rau ib lub vijtsam 1024 x 768, txhua pixel muaj peb chav nyob, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nthuav qhia liab, ntsuab thiab xiav feem, yog li xav tau tag nrho txog 2.4 lab units (1024 x 768 x 3=2359296) xav tau. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj los lav tias tag nrho cov chav nyob no tsis zoo. Feem ntau, qee qhov ntawm lawv tau luv luv (" ci ntsa iab" tau tshwm sim) lossis qhib (" cov pob dub" tau tshwm sim). Yog li ntawd, cov khoom tso saib tsis zoo li tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Lub LCD npo zaub muaj qee yam uas tseem tsis tau siv hauv CRT thev naus laus zis. Lub teeb ci uas muab lub vijtsam yog lub raj fluorescent coiled nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Qee lub sij hawm, koj yuav pom cov kab txawv txawv txawv ntawm qee qhov ntawm qhov screen. Tej zaum yuav muaj qee cov kab txaij tsis zoo, thiab cov duab ci tshwj xeeb lossis tsaus ntuj yuav cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov qauv zoo nkauj (xws li cov duab dithered) yuav tshwm sim tsis pom zoo ripples lossis cuam tshuam cov qauv ntawm lub vijtsam LCD.
Niaj hnub no, yuav luag tag nrho cov LCDs siv nyob rau hauv phau ntawv los yog lub tshuab desktop siv nyias zaj duab xis transistors (TFT) los qhib cov hlwb hauv cov kua siv lead ua kua. TFT LCD thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem pom cov duab pom tseeb dua thiab ci dua. Cov LCDs thaum ntxov tau qis-ceev, ua haujlwm tsawg, thiab qhov sib txawv tsawg. Txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tso cov ntawv ntshiab, lawv feem ntau tsim cov duab ntxoov ntxoo thaum pom cov duab sai sai, uas cuam tshuam rau cov duab video. Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog siv niaj hnub no. Yuav tsum muaj lub khoos phis tawj, nplooj ntawv lossis xov tooj ntawm tes nrog cov zaub dub thiab dawb.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov cuab yeej technology, LCD technology txuas ntxiv txhim kho. Tam sim no, cov tuam txhab LCD loj tau nce R& D cov nqi ntawm LCDs, siv zog ua kom tawg los ntawm cov txheej txheem fwj ntawm LCDs, ntxiv kom muaj kev lag luam ntawm LCDs, txo cov nqi tsim khoom, thiab ncav cuag cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab.
