LCD, lub npe tag nrho yog Liquid Crystal Display, txhais ua kua siv lead ua kua, yog ib qho khoom siv ultra-nyias uas siv cov kua siv lead ua kua siv los tswj lub teeb kis. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov duab meej thiab meej, nyias tuab, lub teeb yuag, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, tsis muaj hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam, thiab nws tau siv dav hauv tib neeg' lub neej niaj hnub.
LCD kua siv lead ua cov ntxaij vab tshaus tuaj yeem muab faib ua passive matrix LCD thiab active matrix LCD raws li kev tswj sib txawv. Passive matrix LCD muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv qhov ci, saib lub kaum ntse ntse, cov lus teb ceev, thiab cov duab zoo, tab sis vim nws tus nqi qis, nws tam sim no tsuas yog siv rau qee qhov kev qhia me me. Lub active matrix LCD muaj built-in transistors nyob rau hauv txhua pixel ntawm lub vijtsam, uas ua rau lub brightness brighter, cov xim nplua nuj, thiab saib cheeb tsam wider. Nws tau siv dav hauv kev ua lag luam.
Passive matrix LCD tuaj yeem muab faib ua TN-LCD, STN-LCD thiab DSTN-LCD, uas tau muab faib ua cov duab sib tw nematic LCD, super twisted nematic LCD thiab ob txheej super twisted nematic LCD. Lawv muaj lub kaum sab xis sib txawv. Tab sis lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kwv yees tib yam. Tom ntej no, peb yuav coj TN-LCD ua piv txwv los qhia txog txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm passive matrix LCD.
Nyob rau hauv lub vaj huam sib luag ntawm TN-LCD kua siv lead ua zaub, muaj ob daim hlau polarizing, uas yog siv los txiav txim siab qhov siab tshaj plaws luminous flux thiab cov xim tsim; nyob rau hauv ob daim hlau polarizing yog ob lub iav loj substrates, thiab cov xim lim yog sandwiched ntawm ob lub substrates. , Alignment zaj duab xis, thiab lwm yam. Cov xim lim dej yog cov lim dej uas muaj peb xim liab, ntsuab thiab xiav, uas yog ua los ntawm cov iav loj substrate raws li qee txoj cai. Muaj cov grooves tsim los ntawm electrodes thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab sib dhos nyob rau sab sauv thiab sab qis, thiab ntau txheej ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules tau ntim rau hauv interlayer. Cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules nyob ze rau sab sauv interlayer yog teem raws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub sab sauv groove, thiab cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules nyob ze rau lub sab interlayer yog teem raws li lub qis zawj teem nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia.
Thaum lub teeb yog irradiated los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab, nws xub mus txog lub sab sauv polarizing phaj. Lub teeb dhau los ntawm sab sauv polarizing phaj ces nkag mus rau hauv cov grooves ntawm sab sauv interlayer. Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua txheej, cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules hloov lawv lub xeev thawj zaug thiab dhau los ua kev sib haum xeeb. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tag nrho cov teeb yog absorbed los ntawm lub polarizer qis, ua rau cov zaub screen dub; Thaum tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua txheej, cov kua siv lead ua kua tswj nws lub xeev thawj zaug, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb yog twisted los ntawm 90 degrees kom nws tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov polarizer qis. , Yog li ntawd cov zaub yog dawb.
Active matrix LCD kuj tseem hu ua TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor LCD). Cov qauv ntawm TFT-LCD zaub yog roughly tib yam li ntawm TN-LCD zaub. Qhov sib txawv tsuas yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob interlayer ntawm TFT-LCD zaub yog FET transistor, thiab cov electrode ntawm qis interlayer yog ib qho electrode.
TFT-LCD zaub siv" rov qab los ntawm" teeb pom kev zoo. Lub teeb yog irradiated los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj. Ua ntej, nws dhau los ntawm cov phaj polarizing qis thiab siv cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules los xa cov teeb. Thaum lub FET electrode qhib, qhov kev npaj ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules hloov, thiab nws yuav tshwm rau ntawm lub vijtsam zaub los ntawm shading thiab lub teeb kis tau tus mob; Thaum FET electrode raug txiav tawm Vim tias FET transistor muaj cov nyhuv capacitance thiab tuaj yeem tswj lub xeev muaj peev xwm tam sim no, cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules yuav tswj lub xeev hloov mus txog thaum FET electrode rov qhib dua.
